Adam Jones had two doubles and Steve Pearce had three hits as the Orioles snapped a three-game losing streak. Baltimore had scored six runs in their previous four games combined.
The White Sox committed four errors and saw their four-game winning streak end. Chicago was trying to sweep the Orioles for the first time since 2005.
Schoop was activated from the 60-day DL before the game after being sidelined by a sprained right knee. He hit a solo homer in the second inning off Carlos Rodon (3-2), Schoop's first home run in the majors since April 15.
Gonzalez (7-5) allowed four hits, struck out three and walked one.